6 Vitamins That Help Maintain Eye Health
Our eyes are one of the most complex organs in our body, with about 2 million working parts. They can see 30 to 60 frames per second, and our brains can process the complete images in about 13 milliseconds. To operate with such high precision and speed, every component of our eye needs to be healthy. However, it is uncommon for individuals to pay specific attention to their eye health unless they’re facing an issue.
Six essential vitamins for maintaining eye health
Consuming enough vitamins as part of your daily meal plan benefits your eye and overall health. If you have recently been diagnosed with an eye condition and started increasing the number of vitamins in your food, you may not see a dramatic or sudden improvement in your vision. Having a healthy and nutritious food regime from an early age can ensure that you can maintain your eye health as you age and prevent age-related eye diseases. While our health depends on a range of vitamins, nutrients and minerals, vitamins are more important for eye health. The six essential vitamins for maintaining eye health include:
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is an essential vitamin for eye health. Also known as retinol, vitamin A is a part of rhodopsin, a protein found in the retina. It aids in maintaining a clear cornea and can also help strengthen the retina, help overall immunity, and prevent eye infections. Regular and long-term consumption of vitamin A can help prevent night blindness, dry eyes, soft cornea, dry tear ducts, and xerophthalmia. The prevalence of vitamin A-related eye diseases is rare in the country as the nutrient is available in food items consumed daily, like fish, eggs, milk, broccoli, eggs, and orange-colored vegetables and fruits.
Vitamin B1
Vitamin B helps proper cell function and is crucial in converting food into energy. Vitamin B can reduce eye sensitivity and delay the development of cataracts. It is crucial for people with diabetes as it can prevent retinopathy; diabetic retinopathy is a major cause of vision loss among people with diabetes. Whole grains, macadamia nuts, pork, tea, coffee, shellfish, rice and fish are important sources of vitamin B1.
Vitamin B2
Vitamin B2, popularly known as riboflavin, is an antioxidant that can help combat oxidative stress in the eye. It can help reduce eye sensitivity and help recover from sore or tired eyes. It can also prevent the quick progression of cataracts and protect the lens from damage. Asparagus, bananas, oranges, nuts, peas, mushrooms, and whole grains are good plant-based sources of vitamin B2. Other main sources of vitamin B2 are cheese, eggs, beef, and organ meat.
Vitamin B3
Niacin, or vitamin B3, is an antioxidant and helps convert food to energy. It helps in preventing any damage to the optic nerve, thus helping avoid glaucoma. It is also crucial to reduce eye pressure. Important food sources of vitamin B3 are red meat, poultry, and fish. Plant-based sources of the nutrient include avocados, green peas, mushrooms, potatoes and bananas. Excessive consumption of B3 can lead to inflammation of the eye, blurred vision, and damage to the macula. Do not take vitamins and supplements without talking to your doctor about the ideal dosage of vitamin B3.
Vitamin C
Vitamin C is crucial for producing collagen, which helps maintain the form and structure of the cornea and sclera. Vitamin C is an antioxidant that protects our eyes from any damage caused by free radicals, and can help delay the progress of age-related eye diseases. You can benefit from having the vitamin in combination with other vitamins and essential nutrients. Black currants, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, oranges, strawberries and potatoes are certain main sources of vitamin C in addition to citrus fruits.
Vitamin E
Vitamin E is an antioxidant crucial in maintaining eye health and gradually improving vision. It is best suited to prevent age-related eye diseases and protect the eye from damage caused by free radicals. Vitamin E can also help reduce and prevent dark circles around the eyes. Many fruits and vegetables, including avocado, mango, olives, and kiwi, are rich sources of vitamin E. Abalones, salmon, trouts, fish roe, cod, and lobster are also rich in the nutrient. Other sources to consider include almonds, peanuts, pine nuts, hazelnuts, and oils like sunflower, wheatgerm, and almond oils.
Note that if you want to take supplements for any of the above vitamins, always consult a doctor to know the appropriate dosage. Excess consumption of vitamins can also cause side effects like flatulence and diarrhea and put you at risk for weak bones and fractures.
Common eye diseases caused by vitamin deficiencies
It is also that vitamin deficiency can directly lead to certain specific eye diseases. Night blindness, dry eyes, clouded vision and a soft cornea can happen if your body does not get adequate vitamin A. Vitamin A deficiencies can also happen as a side effect of surgery or treatment. In such cases, doctors prescribe supplements to restore the vitamin requirements quickly. Vitamin B deficiency can lead to anemia, and vitamin D deficiency may accelerate AMD.
Treatment for eye diseases
A vitamin-rich food regime alone cannot cure eye disease. It can help to prevent and delay the progression of cataracts and glaucoma. Doctors decide on treatment based on the severity of the disease, the speed at which the disease progresses, a patient’s age, and overall health condition. Doctors use many painless and quick surgical and non-invasive techniques to screen and detect eye diseases. Given below are some common solutions and approaches to treating eye diseases:
Corrective glasses or contact lenses as a conventional treatment for refractive errors like short sight, long sight and astigmatism
Vision aids for people with partial vision
Oral and injectable prescription treatments, eye ointments and creams to treat redness, swelling, or itchiness caused by infection or injury
Vision therapy for cross-eye Tear duct plugs that prevent drainage of tears
Eye drops or artificial tears to maintain moisture levels in the eye’s outer surface if one if suffering from dry eye syndrome
Lipiflow, which is a procedure that uses heat and pressure to manage dry eyes
Prescription eye drops restore oil levels and manage symptoms of allergies
Eye injections to prevent the formation of leaky blood vessels
LASIK to correct refractive error
Laser treatments to destroy faulty and abnormal blood vessels
Photodynamic therapy
Surgery to treat cataracts
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10 best laundry detergents and their features
Detergents are available in multiple forms, such as pods, powder, and liquids, and choosing the best one can be tough. In addition to daily wear clothing and regular laundry items, you could have some garments that require specialized products for effective cleaning. Some members of your family might have sensitive skin and need mild chemical-free products. So here is a list of the best detergents that can make your laundry task hassle-free.
Gain Laundry Detergent
Among the list of laundry detergents that are known for their fragrance is Gain Laundry Detergent. The liquid not only cleans your clothes but also gives them a delicate fragrance that can last for up to 6 weeks or until the garment is worn. This detergent can be used in all washing machines, including highly efficient ones. The detergent also has Oxi Boost, a combination of surfactants, enzymes, and pre-treaters that aid in eliminating stains and odors that could be two weeks old. Moreover, this product is available in multiple sizes to cater to the needs of every household.
Persil ProClean Laundry Detergent
Among the laundry detergents that excel in stain removal is Persil Proclean. This concentrated liquid offers deep cleaning and has stain-fighting enzymes. It has an active scent boost that eliminates the toughest of stains and odors so that your clothes have a fresh feel. This detergent has exceptional performance in all washing machines and provides effective cleaning at all water temperatures. The clean rinse formula and low suds ensure that white clothes stay white and bright clothes stay bright.
Kirkland Laundry Detergent
If you are looking for laundry detergents that are easy on your pocket, then choosing this Kirkland laundry detergent will be the best. The detergent offers a great combination of performance and cost-effectiveness. It has an ultra-clean formulation which enables it to travel deep in the fabrics to eliminate odor and stains. This detergent gives a fresh fragrance to your clothes which most users have found appealing. This liquid detergent is easy to dispense, which reduces the chance of wastage.
Tide Power Pods
Tide Power Pods should be your choice if you are looking for a laundry detergent to achieve heavy-duty cleaning for visible and invisible dirt. The pods are designed with 10 cleaning actives offering deep and hygienic cleaning across all loads. These pods have an innovative laundry capsule technology that enables it to enter the fibers of the clothes so that even hidden dirt is removed. This product works well in any washing machine and all water temperatures. This laundry detergent is available in different pack sizes to cater to distinct needs.
Woolite All Darks laundry detergent
Woolite All Dark is specially crafted to take care of dark-colored clothes among the many available laundry detergents. The liquid detergent has a special formula that is known to eliminate color-fading metal as well as chlorine ions from the water that is being used for washing. This detergent also smoothens the rough fibers, which can make clothes appear old and dull after regular washing. The neutral formula even aids in removing light everyday dirt from across all types of fabrics. This product can even protect delicate clothes as well as dark-colored clothes from the rough effects of washing.
Seventh Generation Laundry Detergent
If you are looking for plant-based laundry detergents suitable for sensitive skin, then the Free and Clear laundry detergent by Seventh Generation will be great. This powder detergent has a strong quadruple enzyme formula that takes care of tough stains devoid of dyes, fragrances, or artificial brighteners. The detergent also has plant-derived enzymes like Protease and Amylase, which aid in eliminating all kinds of stains from clothes and fabrics. This hypoallergenic detergent has been dermatologically tested and proved to be gentle for sensitive skin.
Earth Breeze Laundry Detergent
Individuals who opt for eco-friendly detergents can try out the Earth Breeze laundry detergent. The fragrance-free product comes designed in liquid-less sheets that provide powerful cleaning. This detergent is simple to use and store. It also has a paraben-free, vegan and cruelty-free, phthalate-free, phosphate-free, and bleach and dye-free formula, which makes it a good choice for the environmentally conscious. The eco sheets dissolve easily in all water temperatures, making them suitable for use across all washing machines.
Noodle & Boo Laundry Detergent
Noodle & Boo laundry detergent will be perfect if you are looking for a laundry detergent specially designed for babies. The liquid detergent has a plant-based formula that gently eliminates all kinds of stains and odors while preserving the softness of the garment. This detergent comes certified by pediatricians for being hypoallergenic and suitable for sensitive skin.
Molly Sud’s Laundry Detergent
This laundry detergent powder is a strong and safe option for everyday laundry. The product has 4 stain-fighting organic ingredients that are safe for the environment and your family. It is devoid of artificial fragrance, making it great for sensitive skin. This detergent powder also removes the buildup left on clothes washed in other detergents.
Mrs. Meyer’s Laundry Detergent
If you are looking for a liquid detergent that offers a clean floral fragrance, then choosing Mrs. Meyer’s laundry detergent is a good idea. The detergent is available in fragrances such as lavender, lemon, basil, and more, giving a fresh and delightful smell to your clothes. This product has a plant-based cleaning formula combined with dirt and stain-fighting enzymes so that you get perfectly clean clothes every time. The cruelty-free detergent formula works great with high efficiency as well as standard washing machines.
These are just a few of the many options for laundry detergents that are available in the market. Most of these are available in varying pack sizes that will meet the requirements of most families. It is noticed that people spend billions of dollars every year on laundry detergents. Most people opt for a detergent that smells good, or is perfect for their needs, or the one that is on sale. However, to choose a detergent that is best suitable for you, ask your dermatologist for a recommendation if you have any skin issues.

6 Foods for Managing Psoriatic Arthritis Symptoms
Psoriatic arthritis is a condition that affects the joints and skin, resulting in rashes and pitted nails. It is an autoimmune disease, which means that the body’s immune system unknowingly attacks healthy tissue. Roughly 30 percent of people with psoriasis (a chronic skin condition) will develop this condition. Psoriatic arthritis presently does not have a cure, but treatment options can help in managing the symptoms. Listed below are some foods that can help.
The symptoms of psoriatic arthritis (PA) are similar to those of other types of arthritis, such as rheumatoid arthritis. One can experience mild to severe symptoms like swollen, inflamed joints, particularly in the fingers and toes; swollen toes and fingers; pain in lower back and feet; nails that break away easily. Pain, swelling, and joint stiffness are some extremely common symptoms.
This condition can be challenging to diagnose as similar symptoms can be seen in other types of arthritis. However, imaging tests, like an X-ray procedure, can help determine certain changes in joints that can be seen only in PA patients. Depending on the diagnosis and the extent of joint damage, treatment can vary for each individual. But it generally involves making lifestyle changes and using treatment options.
What Triggers Psoriatic Arthritis?
The exact cause for the condition is still unknown, but it is thought to be triggered by environmental and genetic factors. Specific triggers, such as stress, infections, cold weather, injuries, and certain treatment options, are believed to trigger the condition. Psoriatic arthritis is also known to be triggered by certain foods. These include dairy products, gluten, sugar, and processed foods. These foods can cause inflammation, leading to joint pain and swelling.
Foods That Can Help Manage Psoriatic Arthritis Symptoms
Certain foods can help reduce inflammation and help in the symptom management of psoriatic arthritis. Here are six such foods that are highly beneficial for patients.
Fish and nuts rich in Omega-3 fatty acids
Nuts and fish are essential ingredients of healthy meals. Eating them regularly is a great way to nourish the body with a rich amount of nutrients and fiber. Omega-3 fatty acids can be found in certain foods, such as salmon, tuna, chia seeds, walnuts, and flaxseed. Omega-3 fatty acids can help reduce inflammation and alleviate joint tenderness.
Turmeric
Recent studies have highlighted the beneficial properties of turmeric as an antioxidant and a cleansing digestive. It can be added as a seasoning to salads or salad dressings. One can also add turmeric to soups, curries, and pasta. Turmeric and yogurt are an excellent combination for reducing inflammation. The spice is helpful as it works by reducing the amounts of enzymes that cause inflammation.
Broccoli
This cruciferous vegetable is packed with vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. It is an excellent source of vitamin C, which can help reduce inflammation. Broccoli should be a part of regular meals for PA patients. It is known to reduce inflammation while providing the best nutrients and fiber and making up a healthy meal.
Avocado
This nutrient-dense fruit is an abundant source of healthy fats. Avocados are also rich in protein, and Vitamins C and E. Eating this fruit regularly might help in decreasing joint pain. Using it to make guacamole is the preferred way to eat avocados. But one can also use them in creamy smoothies and to make delicious salads.
Olive Oil
Olive oil contains monounsaturated fatty acids, and it is rich in oleic acid, oleocanthal, and antioxidants. The compound oleic acid can reduce inflammatory markers. Consuming two spoons of pure extra virgin olive oil introduces these compounds to the bloodstream and helps reduce inflammation. Olive oil can also help reduce joint pain and stiffness. The best way to consume a holistic meal would be to add green or black olives to a salad and mix it with two spoons of olive oil. Simply snacking on green or black olives can also help lower inflammation levels.
Yogurt
Yogurt is a probiotic food that is high in beneficial bacteria. Recent findings suggest that the probiotic bacteria found in yogurt are beneficial for people with psoriatic arthritis. These bacteria can help reduce the symptoms of this condition. Yogurt can be consumed either salted or sweet. However, doctors recommend unsweetened yogurt as they contain salts naturally. The easiest way to eat yogurt is by adding it to salads.
Other Treatment Options for Psoriatic Arthritis
In addition to making changes in one’s meals, psoriatic arthritis patients can use other treatment options. These include physical therapy, lifestyle changes, and remedies recommended by the doctor.
The role of physical therapy should not be undermined when it comes to managing this condition. During physical therapy, one should focus on educating themselves about their symptoms, strengthening their body, and improving their cardiovascular functioning. Patients with PA can also use cryotherapy to alleviate swelling and tenderness in joints. According to recent studies, hydrotherapy is an effective treatment option for PA. It can help enhance sleep, cognitive function, and physical function in patients with psoriatic arthritis.
Low-impact activities like walking, cycling, and swimming can help patients, as they protect the spine and increase endurance. Yoga can also be performed, under strict supervision. These activities can help one become stronger without adding excess pressure on the joints and spine. It is important to maintain caution while doing physical activity. Working out for excessively long periods can lead to a flare-up. Taking rest for a period of time should be beneficial if a flare-up occurs.
Furthermore, the doctor can recommend treatment options that can help in slowing down the progression of psoriatic arthritis. One should speak with their physician if they suspect the onset of the condition. A doctor will help diagnose the condition and provide a suitable treatment regimen.

9 common habits that affect bone health
The bones are arguably the most critical element in the human body. Bones provide structure and facilitate any movement the body makes. However, many people worldwide do not think twice about their bone health. Certain foods and lifestyle habits are detrimental to one’s bone health. Every time an individual eats such foods or carries out those habits, they reduce the strength and longevity of their bones. Here are a few such habits:
Drinking too much coffee
Drinking coffee is a favorite activity for many people. Millions worldwide drink the beverage to keep themselves awake and going while they are working. Unfortunately, caffeine, the chief component of coffee, is not suitable for one’s bones.
Many studies have found that coffee drastically reduces bone density in postmenopausal women. About six milligrams of bone calcium are lost for every 100 milligrams of caffeine one consumes. Therefore, to avoid osteoporosis, a health condition in which the bones become incredibly weakened and porous with time, one must stop drinking caffeine-rich foods or consume them in moderation.
Failing to get enough sunlight
Vitamin D is a vital element when it comes to keeping the bones healthy. Sunlight is an abundant source of vitamin D. Therefore, people must go outdoors more often to expose themselves to early morning sunlight, arguably the richest source of vitamin D. This habit can keep their bones strong and healthy for many years.
Conversely, people who do not get sunlight or cannot step out of their house long enough to expose themselves to the sun are vulnerable to weakened bones and joints.
Sitting on the couch for too long
The body needs frequent movement to prevent stiffness and other flexibility-related issues. If an individual sits on a couch or a chair for too long, they are depriving their body of this all-important movement. Over time, their bones weaken and become less resilient to strain. Also, just as with bad posture, sitting or sleeping for too long can affect the shape of bones in the long run.
Many workplaces have employees sitting in one position for hours before a computer screen. In such workplaces, such individuals must be encouraged to take a quick walk or some rounds of exercise after every few productive hours. Doing so will keep their bones and the rest of their body healthy for a long time.
Consuming too many sugary snacks
Having a sweet tooth is not a problem; however, one needs to keep their sugar consumption in check to keep their blood and bones healthy. When people consume too many sugary snacks, such as donuts and pastries, they may skip other meals because sugary snacks are pretty heavy. This, in turn, means that such individuals are not eating as much nutrient-rich food as they should. Over time, this causes significant bone issues in individuals.
Not performing weight-bearing activities
A weight-bearing activity, as the name implies, is an exercise in which an individual uses their body weight to create the resistance that drives the workout. So, activities such as jogging, hiking, weight training, and walking are considered effective weight-bearing activities. These activities are crucial for boosting one’s bone intensity and mass. Missing out on these activities can come at a cost for individuals. After all, not doing these activities often keeps one’s bones from becoming sturdier and more resilient to knocks and blows.
Spending too much time indoors
Staying perpetually indoors, even if one moves around frequently, is not just detrimental to one’s bones because they are not getting sunlight exposure. Keeping oneself inside a house for long periods deprives them of pure, fresh oxygen and increases their chances of developing weaknesses and sicknesses. Not experiencing the sights and sounds of the external world can cause people to lose interest in any movement or exercise.
Eventually, this can result in poor health and immunity. Ultimately, not stepping out of one’s house is very likely to make one’s bones weaker and more susceptible to osteoporosis due to the sheer lack of sunlight and the other nutrients one can get by breathing fresh air outdoors.
Not working out regularly
Exercise is linked to increasing one’s strength in every way imaginable. Additionally, exercising regularly (if not daily, at least two to three times a week) builds a person’s stamina and strength. The exercise does not have to be overly complicated or taxing on the body. All one needs to do is walk a few rounds in a nearby park or do stretching exercises. Exercising speeds up the process of breathing in and out.
Additionally, workouts help increase the rate of blood circulation in the body. This causes oxygen and nutrients to travel to different vital organs and bones of the body on a much quicker basis. As a result, the bones get nourishment and proper testing regularly, maintaining strength.
Having a poor posture
Many people cannot sit with a straight back due to laziness or back pain. A person develops bad posture when sitting with a bent back in front of their TV or while playing video games for hours daily. This is arguably an even worse problem than insufficient movement throughout the day. While that problem makes the bones weaker, this one can cause bone deformation if kept up for a long time.
Eating food that has too much salt
Salt is a bad food when it comes to blood pressure or bone health. The more salt a person eats, the more calcium they lose. This element extracts calcium from one’s bones and teeth, leaving them brittle and porous. Therefore, while salt is unavoidable, consuming it in moderate proportions daily is still recommended.

Foods to Eat and Avoid for Constipation
Constipation refers to infrequent bowel movements or difficult passage of stools. It is diagnosed when you have fewer than three bowel movements a week. Constipation can cause excessive strain on the intestines and can have an adverse effect on your daily activities. It can be chronic when induced by other health conditions. Since constipation is a condition affecting the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, food is the essential key to managing the condition.
It is possible to alleviate or worsen constipation through the food. Eating the right food can help keep your intestines clear, but the wrong foods might bind the stools even further.
Fiber-rich foods to eat for constipation
Foods rich in fiber can help relieve constipation and keep your stool movements regular. The most common cause of constipation is the slow movement of food through the GI tract. This can be the result of prescription treatment options, diseases of the nerves, or psychological conditions. But most often, it is due to a poor food regime.
Here are five fiber-rich foods that can help manage constipation.
Prunes
One of the age-old remedies for constipation is dried plums, or prunes, as they are commonly called. With three gms of fiber per quarter cup serving, prunes can increase the amount of water in stools, thanks to the insoluble fiber it contains. The body cannot absorb the sorbitol in prunes; thus, it has a laxative effect in the intestine. And finally, the phenols in prunes can stimulate the gut biome and restore balance.
Kiwi
A single kiwi contains 2.3 gms of fiber, 9% of the recommended daily intake. It is not just the fiber, the enzyme actinide in kiwi also enables gut motility and improves bowel habits. Having two kiwis a day for over two weeks helps soften the stools. It also helps individuals with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Kiwis can be eaten raw, added to a salad, or ground into a smoothie.
Flaxseed oil and olive oil
If you cook meals at home, a constipation-friendly nutrition plan is just one oil switch away. Olive oil and flaxseed oil have a mild laxative effect and can show immediate improvement in this health condition. Additionally, these oils contain compounds that can improve digestion. Olive and flaxseed oils may not have fiber, but they contain antioxidant, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, allowing you to reap several benefits in one shot. It is a good idea to switch to olive oil for cooking on a regular basis.
Probiotics
Probiotics, as the name suggests, have a positive effect on the gut biome, and thus, help soften the stools and improve overall digestion. Studies show that kefir and yogurt can help reduce constipation. Doctors believe that regular consumption of cultured kefir that is thick and tangy can help prevent constipation. You can easily incorporate yogurt into the your daily meals. Have a cup of natural yogurt as an afternoon snack, add it to a blueberry or oatmeal smoothie, or enjoy a cup of yogurt for breakfast with muesli, which is also full of fiber.
Sweet potatoes
The sweet and orange version of potatoes is also a rich source of fiber. Cellulose and lignin in this vegetable are insoluble forms of fiber that help increase the bulk of stools. The soluble fiber pectin also helps improve gut health, softens stools, and speeds up the transit time of the contents of the digestive tract. People who ate just 7 ounces of sweet potatoes daily for four days experienced less constipation and lesser strain and discomfort while passing stools. It can easily replace potatoes in almost all recipes and can be roasted, steamed, mashed, or boiled in tasty ways.
Foods to avoid for constipation
Several foods can trigger or worsen constipation. Thus, it is a good idea to keep away from them. If you suffer from constipation regularly, you could reduce your frequent consumption of these foods in order to prevent it. But if constipation is a one-off occurrence, you may want to cut back on these foods for a few days.
Dairy products
Apart from dairy with probiotic properties, most other dairy products are associated with constipation. Young children are particularly sensitive to the proteins in cow milk. But cow milk can also cause problems in older people who have been consuming dairy for several years. Those with lactose intolerance experience the opposite effect, diarrhea, when they drink cow milk. Replacing cow’s milk with soy milk for some time might show improvement in the gut health of people with chronic constipation.
Processed grains
Processed grains and foods made with these, like white bread, pasta made from all-purpose flour, and polished white rice, are low in fiber. They tend to increase constipation and impede the movement of stools. It is also good to monitor the amount of fiber you eat since too much of it can also worsen constipation. It is good to discuss this with your doctor since they can tell you what is ideal given the other health conditions you suffer from.
Red meat
People having constipation should avoid red meat. This type of meat tends to be full of fat and is high in protein. Both these properties make it harder for the body to digest such foods. Red meat is devoid of fiber which makes it worse. It is better to turn to high-fiber sources of protein like beans or legumes to reduce constipation. If you are someone who cannot avoid meat, then at least make sure to supplement it with fiber-rich food to get some constipation relief.
Fried food and fast food
Large portions or frequent consumption of deep-fried and fast food can increase the risk of constipation. These meals are high in fat and low in fiber – a combination that is hard to digest and that slows the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract. Fast foods also tend to replace high-fiber foods in the meals. Eating chocolate or cookies makes you less likely to reach for apples or pears, reducing the amount of fiber you get. Thus it does not just lead to constipation but can also worsen it and cause other severe health issues.

5 Early Signs of Multiple Sclerosis
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory, neurological condition. Doctors have yet to identify the cause of inflammation but attribute it to a complex link between genetic, lifestyle, and environmental factors. About 2.8 million people in the world were affected by MS in 2020, the number continues to increase worldwide. The condition can lead to loss of vision, immobility, chronic pain, muscle weakness, and other complications.
How does MS develop?
The function of the nerve cells in the body is to send and receive signals from the brain. Each nerve cell has three parts: the soma or cell body, the axon or the cell trunk, and the dendrites. Together they transport the nutrients necessary for the nerve cells, convert signals into electric impulses, and send them throughout the body. The organs and limbs receive these signals, make changes, and respond accordingly. A myelin sheath is a sleeve or a protective covering around nerve cells made of lipids, proteins, and fats. Multiple sclerosis occurs when our immune system becomes faulty and mistakenly attacks the myelin sheath in the brain and spinal cord. This damages the myelin or causes lesions, plaque, or sclerosis, disrupting the process of transferring a message from the nervous system. So, the communication from and to the nervous system breaks down. The messages from the cells now may be slow or inaccurate, or the recipient’s body parts may ignore them completely.
Warning signs
MS is a progressive condition more likely to affect women than men. Here, the damage to the nervous system gradually worsens. While some may experience one or two major symptoms, others may experience more. The severity of the symptoms also fluctuates from mild to severe, with periods of remission in between. Though there is no cure yet, with proper treatment, rehabilitation therapies, and lifestyle changes, one can manage the symptoms and live an active life. Recognizing the sudden and abnormal changes can help in the early identification of MS. Early treatment can prevent serious health complications like high blood sugar, bone loss, fractures, kidney problems, frequent bruising, and reduced adrenal gland function. A few early signs are:
Muscles stiffness and spasticity
Spasticity is when the muscle tone increases abnormally. It causes stiffness and pain and makes movement difficult. It can also lead to sudden spasms and jerks in the arms and legs. Other symptoms include the involuntary crossing of legs, muscle fatigue, and sudden development of deformities.
Problems with vision
MS is an inflammatory condition that can affect any nerve cell. If it affects the eye’s optic nerve, the inflammation may cause pain and redness. It typically affects only one eye; one can experience blurred or cloudy vision, double or poor vision, or an inability to see color. If untreated, the eyesight can deteriorate, leading to early cataracts or vision loss.
Pain
People with MS may feel aches associated with muscle stiffness and spasms and experience pain while moving an eye. Each person may experience different forms of mild or severe pain, interfering with their ability to carry out daily activities. The pain may be dull for some, while others may feel a squeezing, crushing, stabbing, or shocking sensation. Pins and needles or a tingling sensation are also common signs. Some may feel pain in their muscles and joints caused by muscle stiffness.
Lack of balance
The disruption in the communication process may cause a delay in the way messages are sent, processed, and received. Some messages may be incomplete or inaccurate. Consequently, different body parts may not be able to work together in sync. This causes a loss of balance, swaying gait, and inability to maintain posture. Some may not be able to feel the floor and misjudge their steps. Lack of balance can lead to frequent trips and falls, even while walking on even grounds.
Fatigue
Mild or severe fatigue without an apparent cause can be an early sign of MS. Fatigue may worsen through the day and affect the ability to carry out daily activities. Lack of bladder control is another symptom of MS, which may keep one from having a good night’s sleep. Symptoms like pain, confusion, and mood changes may also lead to depression, preventing them from sleeping and adding to fatigue.
Relapsing multiple sclerosis
New treatments have improved the prognosis for people with MS, improving their quality of life and helping them manage the symptoms. For some patients, the symptoms may flare up or recur after treatment. Between the episodes of flare-ups, one can go through periods of remission without experiencing any of the typical MS symptoms. This type of MS is called relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Most people initially experience relapsing multiple sclerosis, and it may take quite some time, a decade or more, for the pattern of symptoms to change. Doctors diagnose the condition as RRMS if the symptoms last for at least 24 hours, during which they also worsen. The relapses are followed by a period of remission where some or most symptoms completely disappear. The symptoms of RRMS include sensitivity to heat and humidity, vision problems, numbness and tingling in the feet, weakness, fatigue, confusion, frequent urination, incontinence, and balance issues leading to falls.
Diagnosis and management
A neurologist will recommend multiple tests to rule out other diseases before confirming MS. They will conduct a detailed physical examination to check for vision and balance problems. They may also ask for brain and spine MRIs to locate the damage and functions affected. In a technique called “visual evoked potentials”, painless electrodes are attached to the scalp to measure the brain’s response to the objects one sees. Doctors may also do a spinal tap to check for abnormalities in the spinal fluid.
The goal of treatment for regular or relapsing multiple sclerosis is to reduce inflammation and the severity of symptoms and slow the disease progression, for which doctors may recommend prescription options. They may also recommend plasmapheresis—a procedure to cleanse the blood. Mobility devices like canes or walkers to maintain balance can also help.
